Freshwater Fish: Assam's rivers and wetlands teem with fish species like Boroila, Xihu, and the famous Golden Mahseer.Īssam's forests are a testament to the state's ecological richness.Reptiles: Beyond the famed King Cobra, Assam's forests are home to the reticulated python, monitor lizards, and various species of turtles.Notable among them are the Greater Adjutant Stork, White-winged Duck, and Black-necked Crane. Birds: Assam is a bird-watcher's paradise with over 800 species.Various Deer Species: Assam shelters deer species such as the hog deer, swamp deer, and sambar deer, most notably in areas like Kaziranga and Pobitora.Assam Roofed Turtle: This endangered species can be found in the Brahmaputra and Barak river systems.River Dolphins: The Brahmaputra river houses the endangered Gangetic river dolphins, which can be spotted near the confluences and sandbanks.

Hoolock Gibbons: Assam holds the distinction of being home to the only apes in India - the Western Hoolock Gibbons, predominantly found in the Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary.Elephants: The dense forests of Assam serve as an ideal refuge for the Indian elephant, often seen in herds in regions like Manas and Kaziranga.Royal Bengal Tiger: Manas and Nameri National Parks, along with Kaziranga, shelter a significant population of this iconic big cat.One-horned Rhinoceros: Symbolic to Assam, especially Kaziranga National Park, the Indian one-horned rhinoceros is a globally recognized conservation success in the state.Conservation efforts are continually being amped up to protect and preserve this wildlife treasure for future generations. The unique confluence of diverse habitats - from wetlands to tropical forests - makes Assam a haven for myriad animal species.

Medicinal Plants: Assam's forests hide treasures of medicinal plants like Manjistha, Sarpagandha, and Brahmi, reflecting the state's rich indigenous knowledge.Orchids: Assam is a paradise for orchid lovers, with over 250 species, including the famous Blue Vanda and Kopou Phool.Vast stretches of tea gardens with the Camellia sinensis plant can be seen across the state. Tea Gardens: Assam is globally renowned for its tea.Wetlands and Swamps: Home to aquatic plants and many endemic species, these ecosystems support a rich biodiversity and act as significant carbon sinks.Tall elephant grass is a characteristic feature of regions like Kaziranga. Grasslands: Often seen along the floodplains of the Brahmaputra, grasslands are habitats for many herbivores and bird species.Bambusa tulda and Melocanna baccifera are some of the common bamboo species. Bamboo Groves: Assam is rich in bamboo varieties, serving both ecological and economic purposes.Other tree species in this category include Simul, Sisu, and Kusum. Tropical Deciduous Forests: Dominated by Sal trees, these forests cover substantial parts of Assam.Tropical Rainforests: Located mostly in the Upper Assam areas, these rainforests are home to trees such as the Dipterocarps, Hollong, and Nahar.Conservation of this green heritage is essential for the health of both local communities and the global environment. Our presence in these regions helps with conservation efforts to preserve these and other wild creatures and their habitats.Flora of Assam – Natural Vegetation of AssamĪssam's vegetation, shaped by its climate, soils, and topographical variations, plays a crucial role in supporting its diverse fauna and maintaining ecological balance. You can also make plans to see them in the wild for yourself on a sustainable Nat Hab and World Wildlife Fund safari in Africa, India or Nepal & Bhutan. One of the best ways to help rhinos is to improve awareness and education surrounding poaching, hunting and the illegal wildlife trade. The greater one-horned rhino is also recovering thanks to conservation efforts in Asia, as population numbers have significantly increased in recent years. Conservation efforts have helped populations of the southern white rhinos, mostly found in South Africa, grow to around 20,000. While some rhino subspecies are already considered extinct or functionally extinct, there has been some conservation success for rhinoceros.

These gentle giants are often hunted for keratin, which is found in their horns and is used in many traditional medicines to treat a variety of ailments. Unfortunately, rhino populations have dwindled over the years due to poaching and habitat loss. The other three species, including the Indian rhinoceros (or greater one-horned rhinoceros) and the critically endangered Javan and Sumatran rhinos, are found across Asia. Of the five species of rhino, two are found in Africa: the white and the black rhino.

As one of the Big Five, rhinoceros are an integral part of the African safari experience, and spotting them in the wild is considered a highlight for many travelers.

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